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BLOOD COMPONENTS & DERIVATIVES
United Blood Services distributes a variety of blood components and derivatives. The various component categories are listed below, along with specific components and their commonality codes. Many Transfusion Service staff have requested a guideline for the use of blood components. The most authoritative source is the most recent version of the Circular of Information for the Use of Blood and Blood Components. This brochure is produced jointly by the AABB, America’s Blood Centers, and the American Red Cross. You can view the current version of the COI online here. Copies are also available from your United Blood Services center. If you have questions concerning availability of particular blood components or special transfusion needs, please contact your blood center. BLOOD COMPONENTSRed Blood Cells One unit of red blood cells (RBC) contains approximately 200 mL red blood cells, 100 mL additive solution (AS-1, AS-3) and ~30 mL plasma. Additive solutions replace the majority of plasma from a whole blood unit and extend storage life of the unit. Some RBCs are available without the additive solution, with only anticoagulant present with the plasma (CPDA-1, CP2D, CPD). Each configuration contains the pertinent information on the product or component label. Expiration dating depends on the additive or anticoagulant present in the unit. RBCs must be stored at 1-6C. Platelets Apheresis leukocyte reduced platelets, collected from a single donor, are prepared in 200-400 mL of plasma, and contain a minimum yield of 3.0 x 1011 platelets. Each pheresis unit is equivalent to 6-8 whole blood derived platelet concentrates and is usually an adequate dose for an average size adult. Platelets expire in 5 days or 7 days. The expiration date will be clear on the product label. Platelets must be stored between 20-24C with gentle agitation. United Blood Services does not supply platelet concentrates produced from Whole Blood donations. Platelets supplied by United Blood Services have been screened for bacterial contamination and found to be negative in compliance with AABB Standard 5.1.5.1. Additional testing is not required by the Transfusion Facility. Plasma Products Several plasma component configurations are available. Anticoagulant and volume depend on the collection process. Plasma provided from whole blood donations contains approximately 250mL. Plasma provided from apheresis donations contains a minimum of 200 mL. Pediatric configurations can be provided from apheresis plasma products. Each unit contains the pertinent information on the component or product label. Depending on center processes, plasma may be provided as:
Frozen expiration date is 365 days. Expiration dating of a thawed component depends on the type of plasma component. Thawed FFP must be transfused within 24 hour of thawing. Other thawed plasma products must be transfused within 5 days of thawing. Frozen plasma units must be stored at <-18C. Thawed plasma must be stored between 1-6C. Cryoprecipitated Anti Hemophiliac Factor (Cryo, Cryoppt, Cryoprecipitate) Cryo is prepared from plasma collected from a whole blood donation and contains Fibrinogen (>150 mg), von Willebrand Factor, Factor VIII (>80 IU), Factor XIII and Fibronectin. Cryo is the only adequate fibrinogen concentrate available for intravenous use. Each cryo unit contains approximately 15 mL plasma. Frozen expiration date is 365 days. Thawed cryo has an expiration date of 4 hours. Frozen cryo must be stored at <-18C. Thawed cryo must be stored at room temperature. Granulocytes Granulocytes prepared by apheresis are indicated for a very limited use. The Transfusion Facility must discuss use of this component with the United Blood Services center’s Medical Director to coordinate collection. Granulocytes have a short expiration time after collection (24 hours). They are stored at 20-24C without agitation.
MODIFIED BLOOD COMPONENTSLeukocyte Reduced: United Blood Services routinely provides leukocyte reduced RBC and platelet components. An occasional special unit (e.g., autologous or HLA matched unit imported from another center or a deglycerolized RBC) may not be leukocyte reduced. If the unit is required to be transfused as leukocyte reduced then the transfusion facility must use a leukocyte reduction filter.Irradiated: Patients at risk for developing graft-versus-host disease should receive irradiated cellular components:
Irradiated RBCs have an expiration date of 28 days from irradiation. If the unit has an expiration date less than 28 days prior to irradiation the shorter date must be used. Volume Reduced: Removal of excess donor plasma from cellular components is indicated in patients who cannot tolerate the full volume or when ABO incompatible single donor platelets are transfused. Volume reduction may be helpful for patients with persistent febrile transfusion reactions. Approximately 10% of platelets are lost in this process and the extra centrifugation step may cause some platelet activation and loss of function. Volume Reduced platelets have a 4 hour expiration date. Washed: Patients with severe life threatening plasma allergies uncontrolled by medications or volume reduction may require use of washed RBCs and Platelets. The units are suspended in saline, with very little plasma proteins remaining. Washed RBCs have a 24 hour expiration date. The recovery and function of platelets after washing are severely impaired. Washed platelets have a 4 hour expiration date. Deglycerolized: RBCs may be frozen up to 10 years when their antigen makeup is considered ‘rare’ or for other special reasons. When a transfusion service requests antigen negative blood not found in liquid units, frozen units may be available. Through a process of deglycerolization, the cells are thawed and suspended in saline for transfusion. Deglycerolized RBCs have a 24 hour expiration date. CMV sero-negative: CMV sero-negative cellular components are provided upon request. Both leukoreduced blood and CMV sero-negative blood have a much-reduced risk of transmitting CMV infection through transfusion. Hemoglobin S negative: Patients with Sickle Cell Disease should be given Hemoglobin S negative RBCs.
COMMONLY ORDERED DERIVATIVE PRODUCTSRh Immune Globulin (Human) Available in regular dose or microdose. The regular dose (1 mL) contains 300 mgs of of immune globulin, which will protect against 15 mL of Rh positive RBCs (30 mL whole blood). The microdose may be used only after termination of pregnancy up to and including the 12th week of gestation. Antihemophiliac Factor (AHF, Factor VIII) Used for treatment of bleeding due to Hemophilia A. The dose is dependent upon the nature of the bleeding episode and severity of Factor VIII deficiency. The dose may be calculated. Several different formulations of recombinant and plasma derived Factor VIII are available. Refer to package insert for dosage and half-life specifics. Factor IX, Factor VII Several different kinds of Factors are available. Refer to package insert for dosage and half-life specifics. Varicella Zoster Immune Globulin (Human) Available in pediatric and adult dosages. Used for passive immunization of exposed, susceptible individuals who are at risk of complications from varicella infection. Other derivatives are available upon request. Contact BioCARE.
COMPONENT LIST OF COMMONALITY CODESLabel Component List:
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Table Sorted by Commonality Code: Download a PDF of this document here.
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